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#drainage

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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Grfin Tools—User Guide And Methods For Modeling Landslide Runout And Debris-Flow Growth And Inundation
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pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm14 <-- shared USGS publication
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code.usgs.gov/grfintools/grfin <-- shared USGS software release
--
H/T Jonathan Perkins USGS
[ another open source resource for everyone from the USGS ~smile~ ]
#GIS #spatial #mapping #opensource #openlibrary #Grfin #software #package #regional #debrisflow #engineeringgeology #geology #inundation #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #geophysics #geophysical #massmovement #landslide #lahar #volcano #rock #avalanche #model #modeling #statistical #geostatistics #water #hydrology #downstream #elevation #remotesensing #DEM #flow #runout #risk #hazard #tools #slope #erosion #drainage #network #channel #channelisation #userguide
@USGS

screen shot - grfintools software repository home page (https://code.usgs.gov/grfintools/grfintools)
report figure 2 - Schematic flowchart illustrating common pathways for using Grfin Tools with examples identified in orange boxes
report figure 1 - Perspective view of topography illustrating the potential locations for three types of mass movements that can be derived from a Grfin Tools analysis.
USGS report cover page - Grfin Tools—User Guide And Methods For Modeling Landslide Runout And Debris-Flow Growth And Inundation
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

USDA 2024 Aerial Imagery Now Available For Download In Texas!🛩️🛰️
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datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/ <-- shared USDA Geospatial Data Gateway (i.e., download the raster aerials here)
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“The USDA has released its 2024 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial imagery, providing high-resolution, 1-meter data for all 254 Texas counties…
✅ Newly built bridge and highway infrastructure
✅ Stormwater & drainage evaluations (newly built drainage infrastructure)
✅ Right-of-way assessment (environmental analysis)…”
#GIS #spatial #mapping #RemoteSensing #NAIP #USDA #SpatialAnalysis #GISCommunity #AEC #AerialImagery #GISchat #InfrastructurePlanning #CivilEngineering #TransportationPlanning #LandSurveying #EnvironmentalAnalysis #EngineeringInnovation #opendata #Texas #USA #imagery #infrastructure #stormwater #drainage #rightofway #environmental #bridge #highway #planning #management #resource #reference
@USDA @NRCS

GIF
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

The Great Dismal Swamp Has Released Millions Of Tons Of Carbon Since The Colonial Era, Research Finds
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whro.org/environment/2024-11-0 <-- shared article
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doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008137 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #climatechange #GreatDismalSwamp #carbon #NorthCarolina #Virginia #USA #engineering #water #hydrology #swamp #habitat #biodiversity #humanimpacts #carbondioxide #landuse #change #wetlands #peatlands #carbonsink #methane #model #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #research #peat #peatswamp #drainage #ditches #engineering #reclamation #peatfire #mitigation #ecosystem #carbonloss #hydrospatial

photo - A researcher moves through the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia.
Schematic - ash mass concept. For a column of peat exposed to drainage, the surface peat is exposed to more oxidation and therefore carbon is lost but the ash content is conserved. This demonstrates how carbon loss can be calculated using the remaining ash in the peat column. The terms correspond to the terms in Equations 1-5, with r = reference layer and i = impacted layer. The dashed line in the second column indicates the loss. The loss in thickness due to shallow subsidence results from the difference in the bulk densities, whereas the secondary subsidence results from the loss in elevation due to oxidation, driven by the differences in ash mass.
Maps - coring locations, ditches by age, dominant vegetation communities. Contours correspond to estimated peat depths based on Oaks and Whitehead (1979). Coring locations are indicated by the following numbers: 1. GDS519, 2. GDS520, 3. GDSW1, 4. GDS77, 5. GDS83, 6. GDS528, 7. Interior-South, 8. Interior-North, 9. GDS96, 10. GDS-P + H, 11. GDS542, 12. GDS-04-14-2022-1A, 13. GDS-04-14-2022-1B. (a) Map of Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (GDS NWR) showing coring locations and binned ages of ditch, canal, and railroad installation, (b) Map of GDS NWR showing dominant vegetation communities within GDS NWR. The “early successional” (marsh) area to the southeast of Lake Drummond corresponds to the area burned in both 2008 and 2011. The area bounded by shading represents the Great Dismal Swamp NWR boundary.
charts - Carbon stocks and accumulation at GDS sites. (a) Carbon stocks for all sites, including two calculations for heavily impacted sites (GDS-W1, GDS-77, and GDS-P&H). Stars indicate calculations from ash mass from the lower depths of each of those cores, while the other (b) calculation for these sites indicates the lower ash mass calculation using the average of other less disturbed sites. Burn scar cores calculations are down to the first charcoal peak (a) and down to the second peak (b) for GDS-Interior-North and South. (b) Carbon accumulation and loss rates for cores with vegetation reconstructions. Negative values indicate carbon loss values.
Public
David Hembrow

Short thread of photos from the last few days of cycling, beginning with this photo of an obstruction on a cycle-path which I came across twice on a short delivery run to @twilwel this afternoon.
Given that I used to live in a country where they didn't maintain drainage ditches properly and which flooded regularly (partly) as a result, I don't complain too much about occasionally being inconvenienced by this work...
davidhembrow.blogspot.com/2014
#cycling #biketooter #regel17 #ligfiets #velomobile #rain #wind #drainage

Velomobile on a cycle-path being impeded by a tractor which is scooping stuff out of a drainage ditch. This is done regularly all over the Netherlands and helps to stop the country from flooding - including on days like today when it's raining a lot.
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Chuck Darwin

As the glaciers of South America retreat,
the supply of freshwater is dwindling
and its quality is getting worse.

The Cordillera Blanca mountain range harbors the world’s largest concentration of tropical glaciers,
which are particularly sensitive to rising temperatures and are a major source of freshwater in Peru.

For thousands of years, the glaciers were replenished with ice in the winter.
But they have shrunk by more than 40 percent since 1968,
uncovering rocks that, when exposed to the elements, can trigger chemical reactions that leach toxic metals into the water and turn it acidic.

The process, known as #acid #rock #drainage,
“creates a cascade reaction that pollutes water sources,”
said Raúl Loayza, a biologist at Peru’s Cayetano Heredia University who researches water quality in the Andes.
“It’s a big problem and is getting worse and worse.”

nytimes.com/2024/11/19/science

The New York Times · Where Glaciers Melt, the Rivers Run RedBy Mitra Taj
Public
NYC Glue

Looking into ADA requirements for ramps and steps but found a bit about how curb ramps should prevent an accumulation of water.
access-board.gov/ada/guides/ch

Paragraph 406.1 says that Curb ramps must be designed to prevent an accumulation of water.
Does that mean all intersections where there are curb ramps and water accumulates are out of compliance? Sounds this a motivation for continuous sidewalks?

#continuousSidewalks
#Ada #ramps #drainage
#cUrbs #raisedcrosswalks

Paragraph 406.1 says that Curb ramps must be designed to prevent an accumulation of water.
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Flood Susceptibility Mapping Of Kathmandu Metropolitan City Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
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doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #analyticalhierarchyprocess #floodhazardcriteria #floodpotentialzone #localadministrativeunit #Nepal #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #model #modeling #processmodeling #water #hydrology #flood #flooding #Kathmandu #distance #proximity #river #climatechange #extremeweather #precipitation #rainfall #monsoon #builtenvironments #impervious #impervioussurfaces #concrete #stormwater #drainage #economics #environment #infrastructure #damage #ecology #floodinnundation #urbanplanning #criteria #slope #elevation #drainagedensity #rainfall #landuse #landcover #distancefromriver #distance #topography #elevation #floodsusceptibility #floodprone #risk #hazard #mitigation #budgets #costs #policymakers

photo - scooters riding in flooded streets, Kathmandu, Nepal
schematic - flow chart of the developed methodology
maps / models - flood conditioning factors of the study area: (a) slope, (b) elevation, (c) drainage density, (d) distance from river, (e) change in land use and land cover, and (f) rainfall.
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Alaska's Rusting Waters - Pristine Rivers And Streams Turning Orange | Metal Mobilization From Thawing Permafrost To Aquatic Ecosystems Is Driving Rusting Of Arctic Streams
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phys.org/news/2024-05-alaska-r <-- shared technical article
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doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-014 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #remotesensing #satellite #imagery #Landsat #earthobservation #Alaska #water #hydrology #Arctic #permafrost #melting #thawing #climatechange #waterchemistry #ecosystem #upland #waterquality #humanimpacts #discolourisation #BrooksRange #aquatic #foodweb #drinkingwater #watersecurity #subsistence #fishing #iron #Fe #rust #minerals #mineralogy #sediment #soil #sampling #pH #sulfides #weathering #erosion #drainage #streamflow #iron #zinc #nickel #copper #cadmium #waterresources #ecosystems

map - orange stream observations across the Brooks Range in northern Alaska
photo - aerial view of the Kutuk River in Alaska's Gates of the Arctic National Park that looks like orange paint spilling into the clear blue water.
photos, maps & charts - Time-series analysis of three discolored streams in northwest Alaska using Landsat
schematic - Conceptual models of hypothesized processes contributing to the discoloration of Arctic streams in Alaska’s Brooks Range
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Bobbing Boat

The stern deck did get quite wet due to the leaking in this canal lock. But the deck has 6 gutters.

As the lock drains, the top gates hold back the water above the lock.

The water pressure behind that massive oak gate is substantial. Over the years, the water will work its way through the tiniest crack and enlarge it.

#CanalLife#canal#boat
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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Arctic Rivers Face Big Changes With Warming Climate, Permafrost Thaw And Accelerating Water Cycle
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alaskabeacon.com/2024/03/08/ar <-- shared media article
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doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1033-202 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #model #modeling #water #hydrology #boreal #arctic #rivers #river #change #climatechange #sedimentation #erosion #anthropogenic #warming #precipitation #rainfall #melting #permafrost #cryosphere #snow #ice #riverflow #volumes #watercycle #ecosystems #environment #Alaska #thawing #extremeweather #storms #coast #coastal #carbon #energy #weather #metrology #freezethaw #drainage #discharge #runoff #groundwater #subsurface #geology #geomorphology #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal

aerial photo - Alaska river mouth with sedimentation /' runoff / discharge
photo - Erosion reveals ice-rich permafrost near Teshekpuk Lake, Alaska.
maps - changes in annual total and other runoff, Arctic regions
maps and charts - changes in permafrost active layer thickness, classes, etc, Arctic regions
Replied in thread
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HistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴

(8/15)

[Footnote II of V:
10th #AtmosphericRiver in #California on 03/11/2023:]

"...potential strategy to increase #WaterSecurity...

The technology is a combination of #rehabilitation of marginal #soils, #drainage improvement, #WaterStorage, optimal utilization of available radiant energy, and attenuation of the effects of #frost. The main feature of this system is the construction of a network of #embankments and #canals."

Take a look of the cartographed #ElNiño events in #SouthAmerica...

Map of South América showing the categorized impact of flooding caused by recurring #ElNiño events
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